What is an HTS code?
An HTS (Harmonized Tariff Schedule) code is a 10-digit classification number assigned by US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to every product imported into the United States. Every entry summary filed with CBP must declare an HTS code, and that code determines the base duty rate the importer owes — plus any applicable Section 232, Section 301, Section 122, or IEEPA-program surcharges that stack on top.
HTS codes are derived from the international Harmonized System (HS) maintained by the World Customs Organization. The first 6 digits of every HTS code match the HS code used worldwide. The last 4 digits are US-specific: a 2-digit subheading number followed by a 2-digit statistical suffix that CBP uses to track import volume by origin and product variant.
Misclassifying an HTS code carries real cost. Penalties for negligent misclassification run 20–40% of the duty owed; fraudulent misclassification can be assessed at 4× the duty plus criminal liability. CBP issues legally binding classification rulings on request — file at rulings.cbp.gov when a classification is high-stakes or ambiguous.
Structure of an HTS code
Read left-to-right, an HTS code narrows scope at each level. Example: 8471.30.01.00 — portable automatic data-processing machines (laptops).
- Chapter (2 digits —
84): Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery - Heading (4 digits —
8471): Automatic data-processing machines and units - Subheading (6 digits —
8471.30): Portable digital ADP machines, weight ≤10 kg - US tariff line (8 digits —
8471.30.01): US subheading; sets the legal duty rate (Free in this example) - Statistical suffix (10 digits —
8471.30.01.00): Used by CBP for volume reporting; does not change the rate
CBP requires the full 10-digit code on every Customs Entry Summary (CBP Form 7501). TariffDesk indexes data at the 10-digit level but inherits rates from the 8-digit parent when the statistical suffix doesn't change them — which is the case for roughly 54% of all codes.