Tariff Programs
AD/CVD — Antidumping and Countervailing Duties Reference
Quick answer
AD/CVD is the Commerce Department + USITC duty regime addressing dumping (selling below fair value) and foreign subsidies. Rates are producer-specific, set in Federal Register notices, and updated annually via administrative review. Roughly 700 orders are active in 2026.
What it is
Antidumping (AD) and countervailing duties (CVD) are extra import duties imposed when the Commerce Department finds that a foreign producer is selling a product in the US at less than fair value (AD) or benefiting from foreign-government subsidies (CVD), and the USITC finds that domestic industry is materially injured. AD and CVD are conceptually parallel and can apply together (an AD/CVD case) to the same product.
AD/CVD rates are producer-specific: each foreign producer named in the order typically receives its own cash-deposit rate. Rates are published in Federal Register notices and communicated operationally to brokers via CBP CSMS messages. Orders are reviewed annually in administrative reviews, with the cash-deposit rate adjustable up or down based on the review's findings of dumping margin or subsidization.
AD/CVD stacks additively with MFN, Section 232, Section 301, and Section 122. Liquidation is typically suspended on AD/CVD entries until Commerce completes the relevant administrative review — meaning the final duty owed can take years to resolve. As of 2026 there are approximately 700 active AD/CVD orders covering everything from steel and aluminum to chemicals, solar panels, and consumer goods.
Current rates
| Tier | Rate | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| AD cash-deposit rate | Producer-specific | Published per producer in Commerce FR notices |
| CVD cash-deposit rate | Producer-specific | Published per producer in Commerce FR notices |
| Adverse Facts Available (AFA) rate | Often 100%+ | Applied when producer fails to cooperate with Commerce review |
| All-others rate | Order-specific | Applied to producers not individually examined |
Cash-deposit rates differ from final assessment rates. After administrative review, importers may receive refunds (if the review-determined assessment rate is lower) or owe additional duty (if higher).
Affected HTS codes
Roughly 700 active orders across HTSUS Chapters 28, 29, 38, 39, 40, 72, 73, 74, 76, 84, 85, 94. The full list is published by Commerce.
For any specific code, use the HTS Lookup to see the full stack, current rate, and recent change history.
Recent changes
No recent AD/CVD changes detected in the last 90 days. We poll the Federal Register, USTR notices, and USITC HTSUS daily — this list refreshes automatically.
Primary sources
- Commerce Department AD/CVD case archive (Federal Register) →
- CBP CSMS messages →
- Commerce International Trade Administration →
Related tools
Frequently asked questions
How are AD/CVD rates assessed at entry?
Importers pay (or secure with a bond) the cash-deposit rate at entry. The final assessment rate is determined later in administrative review — typically a year or more after entry. Liquidation is suspended in the interim.
What's the difference between an AD case and a CVD case?
AD addresses below-fair-value sales by foreign producers. CVD addresses foreign-government subsidies received by foreign producers. The remedies are conceptually parallel: extra duties to offset the unfair pricing. A single proceeding can result in both an AD order and a CVD order on the same product, in which case both layers apply.
Can I appeal a Commerce AD/CVD determination?
Yes. Affected parties (importers, foreign producers, US petitioners) can appeal Commerce determinations to the US Court of International Trade within 30 days of the determination's publication.
Do AD/CVD duties stack with Section 301?
Yes. They are additive. A Chinese steel article subject to AD (say, 100%), CVD (say, 25%), Section 301 List 1 (25%), and Section 232 (50%) faces a 200%+ cumulative duty rate.
Related
- Methodology — how TariffDesk computes the duty stack and verifies sources.
- Tariff glossary — definitions of the program terms used on this page.
- Tariff news — change-by-change reporting on detected rate moves.