Section 301 four-year review

Definition

Section 301 four-year review is the statutory process under which USTR re-examines existing Section 301 tariff actions every four years. The May 2024 four-year-review concluded with USTR modifying the China Section 301 tariffs to raise rates on EVs (100%), semiconductors (50%), pharmaceuticals (100%), batteries, critical minerals, and several other categories. These four-year-review modifications stack on top of the original List 1–4A Section 301 rates rather than replacing them. The four-year-review surcharges are codified in HTSUS Heading 9903.91.x, distinct from the original Section 301 9903.88.x headings. Importers must apply both layers when a row falls under both an original List and a four-year-review modification.